Lobesia botrana should be regarded as a potentially serious pest on a worldwide scale for all the vinegrowing areas that are presently unaffected. Vacas gonzalez, s alfaro canamas, c zarzo castello, m. European grapevine moth biology and management lobesia botrana monica l. Oviposition response of the moth lobesia botrana to sensory. Splat lobesia overstimulates males with a sex pheromone to disrupt the mating cycle, deterring males from mating with female moths. In order to improve control methods, antennal olfactory proteins in moths, such as odorantbinding proteins obps and. One of those success stories is the eradication of the european grapevine moth lobesia botrana in northern california after it was found there in 2009. Windtunnel studies have shown that a blend of 3 specific grapevine. This can be seen as a step towards achieving precision organic viticulture where only the minimum of pheromone required at the. Gooch as a part of michigan state university ipm program and m. The numbers of males reaching the source and their flight tracks in response to calling females and pheromone gland extracts were compared to those of. Lobesia botrana normally has two three generations in europe.
The evolutionary history was inferred using neighbor joining method. A onepot synthesis of the pheromone of lobesia botrana is described. Tortricidae, is a polyphagous insect that develops on more than 200 plant species from various families. Lobesia management, advances of chemical ecology, polymer technology and mechanization efforts are combined. Chemical ecology and management of lobesia botrana. Life cycle adapted from maher, 2002 phd thesis, aquitaine,france jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec pupa diapause 2nd adult flight 2nd generation on fruit 3rd adult flight 3rd generation on fruit 1st adult flight 1st generation on flowers. Lobesia attributana kennel, 1901 lobesia bicinctana duponchel, in godart, 1842 lobesia bisyringnata bae, 1993. The european grapevine moth lobesia botrana lepidoptera.
A blend of the four host plant volatiles released at 10,000 pgmin and. Biokids kids inquiry of diverse species, lobesia botrana. Adult male of lobesia botrana todd gilligan, colorado state university. New pheromone components of the grapevine moth lobesia botrana article pdf available in journal of chemical ecology 3112. Traps baited with the female sex pheromone are commonly used to monitor the pest population. The behavioral responses of lobesia botrana males to calling females, pheromone gland extracts, and synthetic sex pheromones were recorded in a wind tunnel. It is one of the most serious pests in mediterranean and southern european area vineyards ifoulis and savopoulou. Click to change photo jack k clark update of the lobesia botrana program in california lucia g. Comparison of temperaturedependent growth models with the. The effort was a success, as the pest was declared eradicated from the state in 2016. The grapevine moth lobesia botrana is a generalist insect herbivore and grapevine is one of its hosts. Females lay approximately 35 eggs per day, either in groups of 2 or 3 on the buds, pedicels, and flowers, or singly on berries later in the season. Mini risk assessment grape berry moth, lobesia botrana denis. Host plant volatiles induce oriented flight behaviour in male.
This species is considered a major vineyard pest in its native range, as the larvae feed on the interior of grapes, hollow them out and leave excrement. Larvae cause damage to grapes by feeding on fruit, resulting in direct damage and secondary infection of feeding sites by botrytis bunch rot gray mold. Varela university of california, santa rosa, ca monica cooper university of california, napa, ca andrea lucchi university of pisa, pisa, italy. Sterile insect technique and f1 sterility in the european. Ferhunde ozlem altindisli plant protection research station, genclik caddesi no. This can be seen as a step towards achieving precision organic viticulture where. Tortricidae and glomerular representation of plant volatiles in. D3 phytosanitary import requirements to prevent the introduction of lobesia botrana, the european grapevine moth on january 1 st, 2016 the canadian food inspection agency cfia announced the implementation of the new directive d3 to prevent the introduction of lobesia botrana, the european grapevine moth, into canada. The moth, which is captured in the trap the damage of the larva, which should be averted april. Mating disruption techniques have been used to control and monitor l. Previous studies have shown that insects use their olfactory abilities to locate hosts from a distance. Shmulik ovadia, ezra dunkelblum, and ally rachel harari.
Lobesia botrana, the european grapevine moth, affects vitis vinifera l. Presenta tres generaciones al ano y en clima favorable, hasta cuatro. It is widely distributed thoughout europe, but also found in middle east, north and central africa and a few areas of america. Lobesia botrana mates during the spring or summer, depending on the region and generation. Lobesia botrana ist generation lb 1st instar larva lb 2nd instar larva within a flower bud lb 4th instar larva on a vine inflorescence lb 5th instar larva on a vine inflorescence. Lobesia botrana, the european grapevine moth, originally lived in italy and austria. They can have several generations per season, depending on local conditions such as climate, altitude or light intensity, from only two in the northern part of its range up to four around the mediterranean, or seldom even five. Lobesia botrana is regulated as a quarantine pest in a number of countries. Since then, phytosanitary authorities and growers have implemented strict control and monitoring programs. Michigan state universitys invasive species factsheets. Area wide program to eradicate the european grapevine moth. Gaining such knowledge, however, can be time consuming and difficult in larvae that have cryptic habits, such as the european grapevine moth egvm, lobesia botrana. Domestic movement implementation date july 4, 2016 for fruits, other than kiwi. It feeds on berries and berrylike fruits such as grapes, reducing the crop yield and causing the fruits to be more susceptible to fungal infections.
Update of the lobesia botrana program in california. Previous species lobesia bicinctana next species lobesia sp. European grapevine moth lobesia botrana biology and management. Lobesia botrana should be regarded as a potentially serious pest on a worldwide scale for. Native to southern italy, it was first described from austria and is now found throughout europe, north and west africa, the middle east, and eastern russia.
This insect is a pest of grapes and other berry fruits. To provide the best results we recommend you monitor your populations of lobesia botrana. Pdf chemical ecology and management of lobesia botrana. Given the abundance and predictability of grape, l. Lobesia botrana, the european grapevine moth, was first reported in the united states from napa county vineyards in october 2009. European grapevine moth lobesia botrana michigan state universitys invasive species factsheets prepared by t. The grapevine moth, lobesia botrana, is considered a harmful pest for vineyards in chile as well as in north america and europe. Lobesia arenacea meyrick, 1917 lobesia arescophanes turner, 1945 lobesia artemisiana zeller, 1847 lobesia atrata diakonoff, 1973. First found in 2008 near linderos province of maipo, region metropolitana. Analysis of extracts of sex pheromone glands of grapevine moth females lobesia botrana showed three previously unidentified compounds, e7dodecenyl acetate and the e,e and z,eisomers of 7,9,11dodecatrienyl acetate. Pdf damage to grape flowers and berries by lobesia botrana. Lobesia botrana, the european grapevine moth, is native to southern italy. The grapevine moth, lobesia botrana, is a destructive pest of grapevine.
Update of the lobesia botrana program in california lucia g. When the larvae hatch, they will not have far to travel to find food. Synthetic grape volatiles attract mated lobesia botrana females in laboratory and field bioassays. European grapevine moth lobesia botrana biology and. Lobesia botrana ist generation larval nests on the inflorescence arrows photos. An alternative is to measure the damage caused by different larval instars. The cost of mating disruption can be diminished by reducing the applied pheromone concentration and by using the least expensive pheromone formulations key words lobesia botrana, mating disruption, pheromone, vineyards. The grapevine moth appeared in south america in 2008. Control of lobesia botrana may require multiple insecticide applications in one season. Analysis of the grapevine moth lobesia botrana antennal. Legend lobesia botrana pupae lobesia botrana larvae lobesia botrana males lobesia botrana female collected 3 mile4. However, the role of the vine cultivars on monitoring the moth population using pheromonebaited traps was not yet studied.
Adult females begin to emerge about a week after males. It was detected in chile and argentina where it attacked at least 30% of the area in production. The european grapevine moth, lobesia botrana denis and schiffermuller lepidoptera. The european grapevine moth, lobesia botrana is a major grapevine pest, but despite the abundance of vineyards it is a generalist and uses either grapes or alternative species.
Lobesia botrana is similar in size and wing pattern to many nearctic paralobesia, specifically paralobesia viteana, which is a pest of grapes in eastern north america. Distributor for products for forest insect pests in canada and us except colorado. Host list for lobesia botrana european grapevine moth. The procedure allows an efficient and economical access to this product which is used for the protection of vineyards. Host list for lobesia botrana european grapevine moth major hosts. European grapevine moth lobesia botrana usda aphis. Lobesia botrana is a significant pest of berries and berrylike fruits in europe, the mediterranean, southern russia, japan, the middle east, near east, and northern and western africa avidov and harpaz 1969, cie 1974. In 2009, the invasive european grapevine moth lobesia botrana was found in northern california, and shortly after a collaborative, multifaceted response was launched by grape growers, the wine industry, university of california researchers, and local, state, and federal officials. Ecofriendly and industrially scalable synthesis of the. European grapevine moth egvm, lobesia botrana, has been found in the napa valley of california in. Sterile insect technique and f 1 sterility in the european grapevine moth, lobesia botrana george saour department of biotechnology, atomic energy commission of syria, p. Cooper uc cooperative extension viticulture farm advisor.
European grapevine moth lobesia botrana photo 2, to take action only if necessary. Update of the lobesia botranaprogram in california lucia g. The results reported in this paper merge into an integrated concept. D3 phytosanitary import requirements to prevent the. Introduction within some 125 years in the development of the natural sciences, insect management passed through a. Varela university of california, santa rosa, ca monica cooper university of california, napa, ca. The firstgeneration population tends to be the largest, where the majority of females mate only once. Tortricidae in vineyards in cyprus using the mating disruption technique. Females of lobesia botrana provide provisioning in their eggs, and lay the eggs near or on a food source. Lobesia mating disruption by pheromone mesofiber dispensers. The numbers of males reaching the source and their flight tracks in response to calling females and pheromone gland extracts were compared to. Box 6091, damascus, syria abstract newly emerged adults of the european grapevine moth, lobesia botrana denis and schiffermul.
Selectivity of the csalomon trap based on tests performed in hungary. Damage to grape flowers and berries by lobesia botrana. Relative performance of european grapevine moth lobesia. Potential biological control of the pupal stage of the. Lobesia botrana mating disruption by mechanically distributing and releasing sex pheromones from biodegradable mesofiber dispensers.
At present, the species is included in the genus lobesia guenee, 1845, having been discarded from the genus polychrosis ragonot, 1894, largely used in the older literature. New pheromone components of the grapevine moth lobesia botrana. Ecofriendly and industrially scalable synthesis of the sex pheromone of lobesia botrana. Foliar sprays are mostly targeted to the control of the 2nd generation in wine grapes, and the 2nd and 3rd generations in table grapes. Delay of new import requirement for plants for planting and other regulated commodities that are hosts of lobesia botrana until fall 2016. Tortricidae sex 26 pheromone, it has played an important role in the control and detection of this pest, for 27 example, through the use of pheromonebaited traps and mating disruption techniques. Potential instances of lobesia resistance to organophosphate, pyrethroid, oxadiazine and spinosyn insecticides have been reported in the scientific literature.
A cooperative, multipronged response effort kept infestations from running wild, and it was declared eradicated in 2016, two years after the last adult moth was caught in the region. Photo 4 pupa lobesia botrana photo 2 egg lobesia botrana photo 3 larva lobesia botrana photo 1 adult lobesia botrana source. Tortricidae is an important pest in grapevine and table grapes. Biological control of grape berry moths eupoecilia ambiguella. Estimation of the dispersal potential of some trichogramma spp. Sex, wine and chemical communication in grapevine moth.
The european grapevine moth lobesia botrana relies on a female produced sex. Lobesia botrana georgia invasive species task force. It could also be introduced through the movement of unsanitized machinery. Biological control of grape berry moths eupoecilia. Media in category lobesia botrana the following 6 files are in this category, out of 6 total. Lobesia botrana, described from austria by denis and schiffermuller 1776 as tortrix botrana, has had a complex taxonomic history. European grapevine moth has two generations in its life cycle in northern europe, three generations in southern europe, and it is reported to have a partial fourth generation in warmer regions of spain, greece, jordan, and egypt. Sexual pheromone for flight monitoring and mass trapping. Contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose. Pdf mating disruption of lobesia botrana lepidoptera. Tortricidae is a permanently established viticultural insect pest in all vinegrowing countries. Control of the moth in urban areas is difficult due to poor chemical management of infested plants in houses.
Gland extracts and synthetic pheromones were released from a pheromone evaporator. Lobesia botrana polybooverview eppo global database. Potential biological control of the pupal stage of the european. European grapevine moth, lobesia botrana life cycle monitor before bud break first generation male. Pdf synthetic grape volatiles attract mated lobesia.
Lobesia botrana invasion in california detected in september 2009 crop losses of 50% reported in some fields areawide control program initiated in 2010 at peak in 2011, 10 counties quarantined, 6,000 km 2 with 62,000 ha of grapes pesticide and mating disruption and treatments 9,000 ha with 6,000 ha with mating disruption. Lobesia botrana can reach a length of 68 millimetres 0. Pdf lobesia mating disruption by pheromone mesofiber. Lobesia botrana typically completes three generations in southern europe, although the number can vary from a single generation in northern europe to up to five generations in central asia. The european grapevine moth, lobesia botrana lepidoptera. Lobesia botrana egg hatch and oviposition rates were reduced, and neonate larvae mortality was significantly greater in kaolintreated arenas and when included in synthetic neonate larvae diet. Laboratory analysis showed that almost 50% of the pheromone in the dispensers was released during april and may, while another 25% was released in june alone. Olea europaea olive oleaceae natural populations of l. Threedimensional antennal lobe atlas of male and female moths. The external surface of the forewings is mottled with tanbrown, greyish and darkbrown blotches. European grapevine moth lobesia botrana lobesia botrana l. Evaluation of pest damage and the population age of the pest are key factors in integrated pest management. New pheromone components of the grapevine moth lobesia.
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